A few nice wire electric discharge machining images I found:
Image from page 717 of “Modern mechanism, exhibiting the latest progress in machines, motors, and the transmission of power, being a supplementary volume to Appletons’ cyclopaedia of applied mechanics” (1892)
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Identifier: modernmechanisme00benj
Title: Modern mechanism, exhibiting the latest progress in machines, motors, and the transmission of power, being a supplementary volume to Appletons’ cyclopaedia of applied mechanics
Year: 1892 (1890s)
Authors: Benjamin, Park, 1849-1922
Subjects: Mechanical engineering
Publisher: New York, D. Appleton
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Pig. 7.—The Allis geared mine pamp. tooth pinion and gear of such proportions that the engine will run at a fair rate of speedwhile the pump plungers move at a slow speed when running at rated capacity. Electric Pumps.—The numerous a{)|)lications of electricity to pumping purposes whichhave been made during the last five years simply amount in most cases to the attachment toany form of jjumping machine of an electric motor. Quite recently such applications havebeen made to heavy pumping, as for water-works, deep mines, etc. In the latter the power istransmitted from the electric generator on the surface to the motor at the bottom of the mine
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Fig. 8.—Electric-motor pump. through copper wires or rods, thus dispensing with the cumbrous reciprocating pump-rodsused in the Cornish system of mine pumps, or with the steam pipes used with direct-actingsteam-pumps. Fig. 8 illustrates an electric motor applied to a duplex water-works puraping-engine. The motor is of the Edison vertical type, arranged with insulated pinion, etc. Thewater end of the machine is the usual water, works type, having composition plungers work- PUMPS, EOTARY. 689 ing through composition sleeves. The suction valves being placed below and the dischargevalves above the plungers, gives the room necessary for a very large amount of valve areaand water ^aassages. This reduces the friction of the water as it passes through the pumpto a minimum. There is a connection between the discharge of the pump (immediatelv underthe air chamber) and the suction-chamber with a gate valve on same ; the object of thisarrangement is that when starting up the pumping-engine the
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Image from page 445 of “The Gardeners’ chronicle : a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects” (1874)
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Identifier: gardenerschronic13lond
Title: The Gardeners’ chronicle : a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects
Year: 1874 (1870s)
Authors:
Subjects: Ornamental horticulture Horticulture Plants, Ornamental Gardening
Publisher: London : [Gardeners Chronicle]
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nner above-men-tioned, traverses the wires, it suddenly comes to astandstill at theendof the charcoal candles; therethe two opposite currents, positive and negative,meet, rush at one another as it were, owing tothe great affinity of positive for negative. Theresult of this combination of opposite electrici-ties is called the discharge or spark, hererepresented in the incandescence of the char- _coal and the production of light. What was ■electricity or magnetism is now represented ■by light and heat. The whole thing is a most curious exemplifi-cation of the relation between forces. Firstthe sun-force produced the wood, which ulti-mately became coal, and in which the gas isimprisoned. The gas thus indirectly producedby sunlight and sunheat is liberated by heat inthe furnaces of the gasworks, and made to workthe engine. Great mechanical force is thusproduced : that force transmitted to a magnetinduces two opposite electric currents, which,recombining, reproduce, as it were, the sun-
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FlG. 75. —FORCING nV THE ELECTRIC LIGHT. moisture do but set the plant to work, and inso doing it, at least at first, avails itself of thestored material made the season before. The machine by which the light is producedat Tonbridge Wells is worked by a small gasengine, which latter is so very convenient in itsaction that we are surprised such engines are notmore frequently employed where gas is to behad. There is no lighting fires, getting upsteam or stoking—the engine begins to workimmediately. As to the electric light it is not needful for usto go fully into a matter that could only be ex-plained by a professed electrician, and compre-hended by one familiar with that branch ofscience. Suffice it to say that the principle ofthe light rests upon the sudden combination oftwo opposite electrical currents and the con-version of one sort of force into otherforces—magnetism, or magneto-electricity intoheat and light. There is a magnet which byinduction imbues with its own properties
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